Circuits

Voltage: Electrical potential or potential difference expressed in volts Current: a flow of electric charge Resistance: ability of all conductors of electricity to resist the flow of current turning some of it into heat Circuit: a closed path through which an electric current flow/may flow Transistors: device that controls the flow of electricity LED: semiconductor diode that emits light when voltage is applied Capacitor: electric circuit element used to store charge temporarily Resistor: device that controls current in an electric current providing resistance Switch: device used to open an electric current/ divert current from 1 conductor to another Digital Electronics: computerized technology Integrated Circuit: tiny electronic circuit Binary Code: computerized code that consists of 1's and 0's Circuit Breaker: device that stops the flow of electricity in a circuit if there is too much current to operate safely Conductor: something that allows heat, electricity, light, or sound pass along/through it

CIRCUITS
Area of Interaction: Environments Significant Concepts: Basic circuits Unit Question: How have circuits impacted our environments? Go to the following site and run the circuit construction kit. The site is:

Circuit Link

Using this site, answer the following questions:

1. Using one battery, make the light bulb work.

a. Volts: 9 V

b. Amps: .9 amps

2. Light two light bulbs with one battery.

a. Volts: 4.5 V

b. Amps: .45 Amps

3. Using a switch to light one light bulb.

a. Volts: 9 V

b. Amps: .9 Amps

4. Use a capacitor with your circuit. (One battery, one bulb)

a. Volts: depends on how much time. Volts starts at 9 and then it goes down to 0 V.

b. Amps: It starts at .9 Amps then goes down to .01 amps.

5. Use an inductor in your circuit. (One battery, one bulb)

a. Volts: It starts at 0V then works up to 9V.

b. Amps: It starts at 0 amps then works up to .9 amps.

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">6. Use an AC Voltage in your circuit. What happens to the current?

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">a. Volts: It goes no higher than 19 V and then it goes down to -1 V.

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">b. Amps: It goes up to1.9 Amps and then it goes down to -.1 amps.

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">7. Which items in the grab bag complete the circuit?

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">(One battery, one bulb)

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">a. Dollar Bill no

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">b. Paper clip yes

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">c. Penny yes

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">d. Eraser no

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">e. Pencil lead yes but very little energy is transferred.

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">f. Hand no

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">g. Dog no

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">8. Use a resistor in your circuit. (One battery, one bulb)

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">a. Volts: 4.5 V

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">b. Amps: .45 Amps

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">9. Add two batteries to light one light bulb.

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">a. Volts: 18 V

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">b. Amps: 1.8 Amps

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">10. Add three batteries to the circuit. Right click on one of the batteries

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">and change the voltage to 100%. What happens to your batteries?

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">a. Volts: 99.99 V

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">b. Amps: 10 Amps

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">11. Make your own circuit

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">a. Volts: It starts at 0 V then goes up to 399.83 V.

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">b. Amps: It starts at 0 V then goes up to 39.98 Amps

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">c. Explain what happened with your circuit: <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">My circuit uses 1 light bulb, 1 inductor, and 10 batteries with each battery giving out 100 V. The inductor transfers energy slowly at first. At first, the light bulb was dimmed and then it got brighter and brighter. <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">d. Describe/draw your circuit below (or take a screen shot):